Categories
Liberty Society

[1750] Of a diverse society is a training ground for liberty

It is hard for a person to affirm his conviction to freedom until his belief has been challenged and then came out unconvinced of any need to silent dissenting others. It is based on this premise that I celebrate diversity.

My celebration of diversity must not be construed as an advocate for multiculturalism, where the state embarks on active policy encouraging diversity. The policy of active promotion of multicultural society goes against organic processes, which is closely associated to the idea of spontaneous order.

A peaceful multicultural society needs to have tolerance embedded in it and it is highly likely that more often than not, only organic processes are capable of bringing about tolerance of differences organically. In contrast, multiculturalism inorganically introduces or enforces multicultural idea into a society that may or not may be ready for diverse society or even a change in the makeup of the society. There is an element of coercion in multiculturalism.

Inorganic processes are applied to hasten processes. The high rate of change however gives individuals little opportunity to adapt. With multiculturalism, it is a guaranteed fact that there will be individuals rebelling against it. When that happened, a multicultural society resulting from multiculturalism will face challenges which including excessive xenophobia.

Nobody with liberty in his mind has the right to change a society from the top, forcing individuals to in live an environment he does not wish to be in. Any change can only be real and sustainable if it comes from the bottom in which the individuals themselves introduce the change. Organic change contrary to inorganic one allows adaptation and evolution of outlook and attitude though admittedly, the changes come only painfully slow.

For this reason, policy of multiculturalism has to be rejected.

It has to be understood that the term “multicultural society” describes the state of a society while “multiculturalism” is a set of policies encouraging the inorganic creation of multicultural society. Moreover, multicultural society can exist without multiculturalism through organic processes.

Therefore, my rejection of multiculturalism does not translate into rejection of multicultural society. Indeed, I cherish multicultural society for the diversity it brings.

To a large extent, individuals are shaped by experience. Each experience gives rise to unique worldviews which in turn affect a person’s thoughts and actions.

A diverse society is exactly diverse because of each member of the society underwent different path to reach wherever they are at the moment. This naturally gives rise to difference in opinion.

For those professing belief in liberty, a multicultural society or more generally a diverse society offers an opportunity to challenge one’s belief in liberty. It offers an opportunity to prove one’s conviction in liberty. It is only in a diverse society, especially in a realm of intellectual diversity, opinion allergic to each other could exist and advocated for with high intensity and frequency. Such society is the perfect environment for training in freedom.

A true believer of liberty would not initiate any kind of coercion to silent the others due to difference in opinion, even in the heat of an argument. Until one passes that test, a person can never truly discover whether the person believes in liberty.

Categories
ASEAN

[1749] Of happy 63rd anniversary, Indonesia

I have heard the Indonesian national anthem countless of times before but the first time I truly took notice was when a video was screened in a Southeast Asian history class instructed by Professor Lieberman’s all the way back when I was a freshman at Michigan.

It was about the Dutch East Indies at the beginning of the 20th century right up to the independence of Indonesia 4 decades later.

At the end of the video, probably marking the birth of a new state and probably a nation too, after the wars, Sukarno was among a crowd, smiling and waving with Indonesia Raya playing in the background.

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For a person that understood Indonesian language amid those whom had never learned it, I thought I felt something then. I thought I alone was the only person whom truly understood the moment of what it meant to be free. There was a sense of joy. And I thought, the music made it all the more beautiful.

Categories
Sports

[1748] Of the best Sports Illustrated cover, ever

Fair use.

Yeeaap. The football season is just around the corner.

Categories
Economics Education

[1747] Of PTPTN now is an inter-temporal subsidy

Borrowers obviously will celebrate if they see a reduction in their repayment obligation. When the National Higher Education Fund Corporation (PTPTN) reduces its service charge or really, interest rate, from 3% to 1%, already I read borrowers singing high praises to the body. The reduction of rate also turns the financing facility into a subsidy, small as it may be.

Even with the traditional inflation rate between 3% and 4% that Malaysia had enjoyed earlier, 1% interest rate has the PTPTN suffering negative returns. The borrowers meanwhile get to pay less in real terms. Accommodating inter-temporal consideration which is typical in calculation present values, clearly the borrowers are being subsidized.

Now, while I am vehemently anti-subsidy as I have consistently demonstrated in past postings, my opposition towards subsidy is based desire to eliminate certain kind of negative externality as well as a desire for freer market. When it comes to positive externality however, I can be quite supportive. The public benefit derived from well-educated citizens are far higher than any private benefit enjoyed by individual borrowers, assuming all else is constant.

Indeed, subsidization of education creates positive externality. As a result, I am willing to have a subsidy supporting students. This willingness of course has it own qualifications but I shall leave that topic for another day.

One potential issue with the lowering of the interest rate is the disincentive to pay the installments on time. Compared to previously, the penalty of not paying any installment is smaller now. This may encourage borrowers to delay their payments, preferring to incur minor penalty to manage their own cash flow. As a result, PTPTN may have trouble managing its cash flow.

Finally, the across the board cut seems too blunt. I prefer to turn the PTPTN into a convertible loan, rewarding the best students with subsidy, or if you like, scholarship. For those whom are less successful, let them take the full brunt. Under this scenario, I think we would introduce a strong incentive for students to succeed.

Categories
Politics & government

[1746] Of Hadi for PM?

Joke of the day:

Dewan Ulama head Datuk Mohamed Daud wants party president Datuk Seri Abdul Hadi Awang to become the Prime Minister if Pakatan succeeds in forming the new Federal Government on Sept 16. [Ban gaming and drinking joints: PAS Dewan Ulama. Sylvia Looi, Clara Chooi. The Star. August 14 2008]

Assuming that The Star reported this accurately, I think PAS are going over their heads. Maybe, they have been drinking a tad too much?

PAS are definitely  still grappling with the fact that they are now the most junior member of the Pakatan Rakyat.

But if PAS are serious, to signal my disapproval of the proposal, I would rather have Abdullah as PM. Heck, I would rather be in Avril Lavigne’s concert!