Categories
Society

[2043] Of Zaid Ibrahim’s Malay is amusingly quaint

The Malay language has undergone multiple changes throughout its life. As the language evolves, it enhances intergenerational difference. Different generation would subscribe to their version of the language, if they do not particularly follow development in the language closely.

Zaid Ibrahim is an example of a person who still uses an outdated spelling of Malay. In this latest posting entitled Orang Kelantan Mudah Di Pujok?:

Keputusan pilihanraya Manik Urai menunjokan bahawa tidak semua pengundi membuat pilihan berdasarkan isu yang penting dan mustahak. Semasa berkempen disana saya memberi tumpuan pada hal royalti minyak Saya ingat inilah isu yang sepatut nya diketahui rakyat Kelantan. Tapi malang nya keputusan tidak sebagitu. Inilah yang mengecewakan. Pada saya isu Kerajaan Pusat menafikan hak royalti minyak kapada Kelantan sepatut nya menjadi isu yang menyatukan hati orang Kelantan.Sepatut nya BN di hukum olih rakyat Kelantan kerana tidak memberitahu mereka perkara yang benar. BN patut dihukum kerana BN berdiam diri dan sengaja tidak mahu rakyat Kelantan mendapat hak mereka sebanyak RM 1 billion. Agak nya BN sanggup berbuat demikian kerana mereka tahu memadailah kapada orang Manik Urai kalau jambatan 7 juta ringgit dijanjikan atau wang 1000 Ringgit diberi kapada pengundi pengundi terpilih. [Orang Kelantan Mudah Di Pujok? Zaid Ibrahim. July 26 2009]

When I was younger as I took my instruction in Malay, ‘menunjokan‘ (to show) was spelled menunjukan’ ‘menunjukkan’ and ‘pujok‘ (placate) was spelled ‘pujuk’. I am confident that the latest authorative Malay dictionary will prove that my version of Malay spelling remains the most current one.

The ‘o’ does not seem to be a mistake on Zaid Ibrahim’s part because he consistently places ‘o’ where ‘u’ should have taken its rightful place in the latest spelling method.

On Twitter, he spells ‘suruhanjaya’ as ‘surohanjaya’.

Satu Lagi Surohanjaya?: Kata Dr Mahathir orang Melayu mudah lupa; saya pula kata orang Malaysia juga mudah lupa… [myzaidibrahim. Zaid Ibrahim. July 23 2009]

I do not particular know when this kind of spelling was last used but I would risk guessing the 1970s.

I am sure some of my 1990s Malay has been rendered outdated by linguists who seem to have no other work but to torture the users of the language. For instance, I would spell ‘baharu’ as ‘baru’.

Why the change happened is beyond me. What certain is that baharu is not as economical as baru.

Perhaps, I am just old. But not as old as Zaid Ibrahim.

Categories
Pop culture Society

[2042] Of she left us too soon

I woke up to terrible news today. Yasmin Ahmad, a celebrated personality in the local visual media scene, walks no more on this fair earth.

I have only met and conversed with her only once. It was at Hishammudin Rais’ little restaurant at the Central Market Annexe in Kuala Lumpur.

There was a forum at the Bar Council earlier and she was one of the speakers. I do not particularly recall what was discussed. I do however remember that a friend came up to the microphone and offered his definition of Malay, but that was more of a sidetrack than of a central theme. And I do remember a bunch of people congregated around her as I sat watching from the back of the room.

They were all excited about talking to her. The reason for that was obvious. She was Yasmin Ahmad, after all. To many I would imagine, they would not have watched a Malay film, no, a Malaysian film, for a very long time, if it was not for her.

At some point, everybody — for about ten persons — decided that a late supper was a great idea. Again, pardon me, but I do not remember how I was invited to the supper. Furthermore, I do not remember who was at the table, aside from that friend of mine, Yasmin Ahmad and Brian Yap. It was here that Brian and I were formally introduced to each other. I am sure I met other new friends there too but for the life of me, this was a good two or three years ago. My memory rots as a fallen tree branch would in the middle of rainforest.

What I remember best was the excitement about speaking to Yasmin personally. I think highly of her because, I truly believed that she was the best thing to have happened to Malaysian film scene since the days of P. Ramlee.

I first got to familiarize with her name after Sepet. I loved it. I loved it for the message it tried to deliver to the masses. I loved it for the controversy it stirred. And of course, every guy loved Sharifah Amani. Every guy has to thank Yasminfor introducing Sharifah Amani to the wider populace.

Sepet came out when I was still abroad. Prior to Sepet, I had no respect at all, anymore, for Malaysian film industry. In the Malaysian circle I was in then, the opinion that I held more or less shared by everybody else. When these friends, Malaysians abroad, started to get excited about the film, I naturally became curious.

My curiosity was not enough to bring me to watch it then because, hey, I was abroad and when it comes to movies, instant gratification does not exist in my vocabulary. And so, Sepet went to the back of my mind until I finally returned to Malaysia, at a time when everything seemed so lost.

Everybody was a racist, it seemed, and the country appeared beyond redemption. Amid all that, I remembered Sepet. It was Eid and the television was airing Sepet. I watched it and thought, at least, a flash of hope that things could get better. Here was what I considered a flicker of rebellion to the suffocating prevailing racial and communal culture in Malaysia.

Her work caused hostile responses for the conservative side of Malaysian society. It sparked a kind of debate sorely needed for our society to progress toward a more inclusive environment. The good thing about the debate was that conservative responses were so outrageous that I would like to think that it helped make the results of March 8 2008 — the general election that brought upon the biggest middle finger to the establishment in Malaysian history — a reality. It contributed in a little way and indirectly but it contributed regardless.

Her biggest impact was probably to the advertising industry. I said so because, thanks to her, everybody looked forward to Petronas’ advertisements. Malaysian audience anticipated her works as much as how US audience eagerly awaits the ads during the Superbowl. It has become a culture where it happens year in and year out. Unlike her films, the ads were sustaining an expectation, a way of life for Malaysians.

Yet, honestly, the ads are clichés, especially the ones that associate itself with Eid, Chinese New Year and other communal celebrations.

The biggest cliché of all, to me at least, was that Petronas ads about a Chinese boy and a Malay girl sharing infatuation with each other. It is a cliché, at least to the culturally liberal. Clichéd as it may be, people actually liked it. Somehow, she transformed a cliché into a classic. It is a classic because she put the cliché idea into a media that everybody can understand.

Previously, the idea of inclusiveness was mainly confined to words but words do not have the power of visual arts. In the old days of European Renaissance, the enlightened, full cognizant that the masses were illiterate, turned to paintings to tell stories. Yasmin did that for the idea of inclusiveness, the idea of Bangsa Malaysia.

There was more to do to further popularize the idea of inclusiveness, for the creation of a liberal society. Unfortunately, as fate has it, she left us too soon.

Categories
Economics

[2041] Of …actually, it might last longer than initially thought

Remember the immediate previous post about deflation in Malaysia and how it was expected to succumb to inflation later in the year?

Yesterday, being a centrally-planned economy that Malaysia is, the Cabinet decided against a hike.

KUALA LUMPUR, July 22 — Malaysia’s government today vetoed price hikes for electricity and natural gas, fearing a repeat of anti-government protests that saw its popularity slump in 2008.

Under proposals discussed by the cabinet today, the country’s influential Economic Planning Unit had suggested a 24.6 per cent rise in the price of natural gas and a 4.9 per cent hike in electricity prices from Aug. 1 to reflect the rising cost of energy. [Malaysia government rejects energy price hikes. Bernama via The Malaysian Insider. July 22 2009]

I am not sure if inflation will come back as soon as analysts predicted earlier. I know, I know, they based the return on the expected hike of taxi and bus fare hike. But I think this decision can potentially affect inflation expectation in a way that prolongs the deflation.

Categories
Economics

[2040] Of a temporary respite to an outdated model

Ah, do we not all wish to return to a time when economics was much simpler, when it was thought that there was a simple trade-off between inflation rate and unemployment rates, when the original Phillips curve worked well, when stagflation had yet to be coined and experienced, when non-accelarating inflation rate of unemployment was unheard of and the days when Keynesian economics reigned before it was blown into pieces by the 1970s crisis?

Well, it is back!

Finally, a return to the good old undergraduate textbook economics problem!

KUALA LUMPUR, July 21 — Malaysia’s consumer price index (CPI) is likely to have fallen in June from a year earlier by 1.35 per cent, the first annual decline in two decades… [Malaysia CPI set for first fall since 1986. Bernama via The Malaysian Insider. July 21 2009]

The original Phillips curve states that there is a inverse relationship between unemployment rate and inflation rate. The unemployment was at 4.0% in the first quarter of the year, much higher than the previous quarter (3.1%).[1] Given that the unemployment rate for 2008 was 3.3%, it is not hard to show that 4.0% is a stark increase even on year-on-year basis. And so, when deflation occurs, along with heightened unemployment rate, the environment fits into the original Phillips curve.

Anyway, enjoy it while it lasts because…

…although a period of deflation is expected to be short lived. [Malaysia CPI set for first fall since 1986. Bernama via The Malaysian Insider. July 21 2009]

Yup. The celebration for the original Phillips curve will not last long. Thank heavens for Edmund Phelps and Milton Friedman’s works!

Phelps, winning the Prize in Economics because of it, introduced and expected-augmented Phillips curve. It basically says that while the inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment rates still hold in the future, when inflation expectation change, the whole curve will shift. Or, in other words, inflation (or rather, monetary policy) does not affect the real economy in the long run.

Mohd Hafiz Noor Shams. Some rights reserved Mohd Hafiz Noor Shams. Some rights reserved Mohd Hafiz Noor Shams. Some rights reserved

[1] — Please refer to the following table:

Employment
2008 3rd Quarter
2008 4th Quarter

2008
2009 1st Quarter
Total Labour Force
(‘000)
11,123.4
11,170.8
11,028.1
11,208.5
Employed (‘000)
10,779.7
10,819.8
10,659.6
10,757.8
Unemployed (‘000)
343.7
351.0
368.5
450.7
Unemployed Rate
(% of Labour Force)
3.1
3.1
3.3
4.0

[Employment (Updated 30 June 2009). Department of Statistics of Malaysia. Accessed July 21 2009]

Categories
Personal Society

[2039] Of ghost unseen in a cold Sydney

While I am excited to see the constellations above my head change yet again, I had some consternation about living in Australia for an extended period. Weeks prior to actually first setting my feet Down Under and even days after my arrival, allegations of Australian racism and xenophobia constantly kept my enthusiasm in check.

I would like to think that my reaction is only natural after Indian students not too long ago alleged that they were victims of racism in Australia. Who would not feel so especially if one is unfamiliar with Australian society?

For those who kept abreast with news aboard, they would surely be aware that Indian students in Australia several weeks ago organised several protests — with the largest in Sydney — to highlight what they felt as racially motivated attacks against the Indian community. It was so well highlighted that the whole issue amounted to a minor diplomatic row between Australia and India. It was big enough a brouhaha that the prime ministers of both countries contacted each other, with Kevin Rudd trying to assure Manmohan Singh of the safety of Indian students.

With respect to the protests, the Rudd administration said all the right things and it was a comfortable thing to here. Yet, that is mere politics and it may not necessarily reflect the reality on the ground. As a Malaysian who has lived through one of the most disappointing administrations in Malaysian history, it is easy for me to be sceptical of the words of any government; that attitude only doubles whatever scepticism against the state I have that stems from libertarian tradition.

To be fair, the issue faced by Indian students may be slightly more complex than a simple case of racism. Considerable number of Indians stayed in unsafe areas and this probably contributed to the occurrence of crime that they suffered. There is plethora of other factors too but all of it seems to be specific to the Indian community. And so, I thought, perhaps it was best that I should not be overly worried about the matter.

Yet, anecdotes from friends forced me to rethink about my concern.

During one of those late-nights meet-up with what now to me yet again feels like food served in heaven meant for the gods on our tables, a Malaysian friend of Chinese ethnicity complained how Australia is unbelievably racist. Undergoing his undergraduate studies in the United States, it was the summer holidays and he spent his time visiting his sister in Australia. While I do think he enjoyed his visit, he was clearly disturbed by what he believed was the worst racial abuse he had ever received. A six-year old Australian called him a chink.

Or as he vividly put it, ”A six-year old! Imagine that!” with arms in the air.

He went on to warn me to prepare myself. Among friends in a familiar environment, which was one of Kuala Lumpur’s popular suburbs, I could afford to laugh it off. Now that I find myself in the middle of Sydney and strangers, I am beginning to think it was not as funny as I found it first to be.

Perhaps, it is gross generalisation but a new friend of mine that I met in Sydney suggested that Australians have issues with Chinese from China in particular. He stated that the unfriendly attitude that that Chinese Malaysian friend of mine suffered in Australia was probably due to the inability of Australians to differentiate between overseas Chinese and Chinese from China. I am quite unsure why some Australians have issues with Chinese citizens but I will surely learn more about it later.

Amid that, it calls to mind a racially motivated riot in Cronulla that occurred in 2005 when I was an undergraduate student in the United States. And then, there is Pauline Hanson in the 1990s, a politician who perhaps symbolises not just racism but xenophobia at large in Australia.

All that was enough to convince me to keep my guard up the minute I stepped out of Sydney Airport.

I suppose my current path is similar to the one I took back in 2001 when I found myself adjusting to life in the US with the Sept 11 attacks in the background. Many Malaysians warned me to be careful but while the concern was legitimate, and profiling at airports did occur, time spent in the US was the happiest in my life so far. Rather than suffering xenophobic abuse, I found the US a welcoming place where I enjoyed the greatest freedom I have ever had in my life.

I am beginning to feel confident that my same experience in the US will repeat itself in Australia. I am confident because in spite of my fear of becoming a victim of racism or xenophobia in general, I am happy to state that I have not to suffer any racial abuse so far. People have generally been friendly and helpful. New friends, especially, who I have made are warm enough that I think fighting the winter in Sydney will be a walk in the park.

Mohd Hafiz Noor Shams. Some rights reserved Mohd Hafiz Noor Shams. Some rights reserved Mohd Hafiz Noor Shams. Some rights reserved

First published in The Malaysian Insider on July 20 2009.